Campbell, E. Simms

E. Simms Campbell, in full Elmer Simms Campbell, (born Jan. 2, 1906, St. Louis, Mo., U.S.—died Jan. 27, 1971, White Plains, N.Y.), first black American cartoonist to publish his work in general-circulation magazines on a regular basis.

Campbell won a nationwide contest in cartooning while still attending high school. He later studied at the University of Chicago and the Art Institute of Chicago. He then worked as a railroad dining-car waiter, amusing himself by drawing caricatures of the passengers, one of whom liked his work and gave him a job in a commercial-art studio in St. Louis.

Campbell later moved to New York City, where he gradually established himself as a regular contributor to various humour magazines while working for an advertising agency. In 1933 the magazine Esquire was established, and Campbell became its foremost cartoonist, with as many as a dozen drawings in an issue. His work was also published in Cosmopolitan, The New Yorker, and Playboy. He is best known for his representations of voluptuous women, frequently in a harem setting.