Wodzisław Śląski

Wodzisław Śląski, city, Śląskie województwo (province), south-central Poland. Located in the Rybnik coal fields, it is 6 miles (10 km) north of the border with the Czech Republic and 30 miles (48 km) southwest of Katowice, the provincial capital.

First chronicled in the 12th century as a crafts and commercial centre, Wodzisław Śląski received its city rights in 1257. Franciscan monks, under the patronage of Polish rulers, founded a monastery and church there in the 15th century. After passing to Prussia in 1875, it was returned to Poland in 1921. In World War II most of the city’s industrial plants were destroyed. Extensive postwar reconstruction made it again a major industrial and transportation centre in south-central Poland.

Its economy is based on coal mining, coke production, and food processing. Several pipelines move natural gas from local fields to Katowice and other Polish cities. With economic restructuring at the end of the 20th century, the population of Wodzisław Śląski was reduced by half. Pop. (2011) 49,346.